It is also worth noticing that each string has a different thickness, and therefore we need to adjust the amount of force we exerted in plucking. In a 2010 article with the Strings Magazine, violinist Paul Stein said that "while some bows are a lot better than others, your index finger is as good as anyone else's." To do a good pizzicato, Stein recommended that the fleshy part of the finger must engage the string rather than trying to pluck the string too fast. Left-hand pizzicato are usually notated with a "plus" sign above or below the note. In Mimi Zweig's teaching, young violin students are taught to practice plucking the string with the left-hand fingers to promote a quick "lifting" action that originates from the base joint. Plucking with the left-hand helps to build good technique as well. Composers mainly use this technique to showcase virtuosity by combining it with the bowed notes, one good example is the 9th variation of Paganini's Caprice No.24. Pizzicato can be performed by the left hand as well. In a rapid pizzicato passage, players may pluck the strings with alternating fingers as there is a limit to how fast one can play pizzicato with the same finger. In a long pizzicato passage, or an entire movement of pizzicato, string players may put away their bows to focus on the plucking. Some violinists and violists may choose to anchor their thumbs on the edge of the fingerboard while doing pizzicato. Typically, the string is plucked with the index finger while the bow is held in hand. The word pizzicare in Italian means 'to pinch.' The earliest known use of pizzicato can be traced back to Monterverdi's Madrigal - Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda. The musical term pizzicato is a direction for the players of bowed string instruments (i.e., violin, viola, cello, and double bass) to pluck the strings with their fingers instead of using the bow.
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